Abstract
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FACT SHEET
ABOUT KIKAONDE
Language Name: KIKAONDE (as by native speakers)
Alternate Name(s): Kaonde, Luba Kaonde, Chikaonde, Kahonde,
Language Code: ISO 639-3: kqn
Total Speakers: Approx. 400,000 (2022 Census, Zambia Statistics Agency) (Agency, ZamStats;)
INTRODUCTION
(Brief introduction) provide a few sentences introducing and explaining the Kikaonde language, its people, culture, history, and lifestyle.
Language Status EGIDS 4. (Educational). This means the language is well developed and is used in institutions beyond the home and the community. (Ethnologue). The International Standards Organization (ISO) classifies Kikaonde as a “Living” language, which means people who learnt it as their first language are still living.
Dialect No similar dialects, but closely related to Kisanga and Kiluba of Congo DR, with whom they share a common history. ISO rates Kikaonde as an “Individual” language, which means being fluent in a similar language does not mean one can automatically speak this language.
Language Development Government sponsored literacy campaigns, health and agricultural literature. Taught in primary and secondary schools. Used on national Radio and TV, and widely published in religious literature.
KIKAONDE ALPHABET
Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Ññ, Oo, Pp, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Yy, Zz
Kikaonde is written in Latin alphabetic style. The Kikaonde alphabet has 24 letters. The Kaonde alphabet differs from the English alphabet in two main ways:
- Kikaonde does not contain the letters Q, R, and X. This is because in speaking, there are no words in Kikaonde that require the use of these letters.
- Kikaonde has one additional letter, Ñ, which is pronounced as ‘ng’, similar to the pronunciation of ‘ng’ in the word singing.
Kaonde Alphabet vs English Alphabet
The Kaonde alphabet has the following omissions and additions when compared with the English alphabet:
Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Ññ, Oo, Pp, (Qq), (Rr), Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, (Xx), Yy, Zz
Kaonde Consonant Sounds According to the standard Kaonde Orthography issued by the Curriculum Development Center, the state agency that develops, approves and regulates school curriculum in Zambia, Kikaonde has 21 consonant sounds, and these are: b, ch, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, ñ, p, s, sh, t, v, w, y, z, zh. Consonant sounds should not be confused with individual letters of the alphabet. Consonant sounds are produced both by individual consonants (e.g., s & z) and by consonant compounds(digraphs) (e.g., sh-, & zh-).